1. Be at least 18 years of age.
2. Be able to read, write, and converse fluently in English.
3. Hold a current FAA medical certificate.
4. Receive and log ground training from an authorized instructor or complete a home-study course.
Subjects include:
- FARs
- NTSB Part 830
- Aerodynamics
- Aviation weather
- Operation of aircraft
- Weight and balance
- Performance charts
- Effects of exceeding limitations
- VFR charts
- Navigation facilities
- Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)
- Aircraft systems
- Maneuvers, procedures, and emergency operations in the airplane
- Night and high-altitude operations
- National airspace system
5. Pass the FAA commercial pilot knowledge test with a score of 70% or better.
6. Accumulate flight experience (FAR 61.129). You must log at least 250 hours of flight time as a pilot that consists of at least:
- A. 100 hours in powered aircraft, of which 50 hours must be in airplanes
- B. 100 hours as pilot in command flight time, which includes at least:
- 50 hours in airplanes
- 50 hours in cross-country flight of which at least 10 hours must be in airplanes
- C. 20 hours of training in the areas of operation listed in item 8. below, including at least:
- 10 hours of instrument training of which at least 5 hr. must be in a single-engine airplane
- 10 hours of training in an airplane that has a retractable landing gear, flaps, and controllable pitch propeller, or is turbine-powered
- One cross-country flight of at least 2 hours in a single-engine airplane in day-VFR conditions, consisting of a total straight-line distance of more than 100 NM from the original point of departure
- One cross-country flight of at least 2 hours in a single-engine airplane in night-VFR conditions, consisting of a straight-line distance of more than 100 NM from the original point of departure
- 3 hours in a single-engine airplane in preparation for the practical test within the 60 days preceding the test
- D. 10 hours of solo flight in a single-engine airplane training in the areas of operation required for a single-engine rating, which includes at least:
- One cross-country flight of not less than 300 NM total distance, with landings at a minimum of three points, one of which is a straight-line distance of at least 250 NM from the original departure point
- In Hawaii, the longest segment need have only a straight-line distance of at least 150 NM.
- 5 hours in night-VFR conditions with 10 takeoffs and 10 landings (with each landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with an operating control tower
7. Hold an instrument rating or your commercial certificate will be endorsed with a prohibition against carrying passengers for hire on flights beyond 50 NM or at night.
8. Demonstrate flight proficiency (FAR 61.127). You must receive and log training, and obtain a logbook sign-off (endorsement) from your CFI on the following areas of operation:
- Preflight preparation
- Preflight procedures
- Airport and seaplane base operations
- Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds
- Performance maneuvers
- Ground reference maneuvers
- Navigation
- Slow flight and stalls
- Emergency operations
- High-altitude operations
- Postflight procedures
9. Successfully complete a practical test.